The mode of production as per Karl Heinrich Marx FRSA

Production of material is basic to human existence and the mode of production of wealth is determining factor of social development and societal development.

 

The force of production 

The relation of production

What do we consider by force of production?

Force of production refers to -

1. The organisation, skill and status of labour 

2. The techniques and traditions of productions 

3. The geographical condition & degree of knowledge to utilize materials and resources 

The force of production determines the relationship between man and nature regardless of the form of society, the interaction between man and nature consists of the unity of three elements-

1. Labour 

2. Objects of labour 

3. The means of labour 

The relations of production refer to a particular set of property relations which determines the nature of society's class structure. The relations of production, or the economic relation between people, choose the relation between man and machine. According to Marx, the relations of production are based on forms of three relationship which are as follows - 

1. the position of various social groups.

2. Their relation in the production process.

3. The distribution of wealth. 

Marx had further empathised with the theory of dialectics of mode of production in which he stated that society develops in accordance with dialectic principles inherent in its structure. This means that the mode of production has a logic of its own. The mode of production changes because of inherent necessity rather than external forces. The working mode of production is governed by three laws as follow :

A. The law of unity 

B. The law of correspondence

C. The law of conflicts 

Let's talk about this one by one - 

Law of Unity - 

This law states that the law of productive force and the law of productive relations, taken together determine the mode of production of wealth. They are linked by inner unity. i.e. a specific level of productive forces requires a specific production relation.

Law of Correspondence-

This law states that production relations tend to correspond to the product force. The change in productive forces includes an adjustment in product relations.

The correspondence of a productive relation to productive force operates only as an economic tendency. It imposes no rigid mechanical dependence of the former on the latter. It is not a law of obligatory correspondence. 

The law of Conflict- 

This law states that conflict stems from the intrinsic nature of two sides of the mode of production. This conflict is not accidental. It is inherent in the mode of production. It brings development as per Karl Marx.