The National Pension System (NPS) and the Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) provide distinct benefits for Central Government employees in India, especially in cases of unforeseen events like death or disablement during service. To help employees and their families understand these provisions, we will analyze two real-world case studies based on the latest Office Memoranda (OMs): DoPPW OM dated October 26, 2022 (CCS NPS Rules, 2021) for NPS Finance Ministry Notification dated January 24, 2025 (UPS effective from April 1, 2025) These case studies will clarify benefits, eligibility criteria, and potential financial outcomes under both schemes. Case Study 1: NPS – Death of an Employee in Service Employee Profile Name: Rajesh Kumar Age: 42 Service Duration: 15 years (Joined on January 1, 2010) Basic Pay: ₹80,000/month (including Dearness Allowance) NPS Contribution: 10% (₹8,000/month) by Rajesh, 14% (₹11,200/month) by the government Accumulated Corpus: ₹45 lakh (by April 2025) Family: W...
As an Indian citizen, you have certain fundamental duties that are enshrined in the Indian constitution. These duties are divided into two categories: those that fall under the common domain, and those that pertain to religious and linguistic minorities. Let's take a closer look at the fundamental duties that fall under the common domain. Article 14 to 28 of the Indian constitution outlines these duties in detail: Article 14: Ensures the right to equality before the law and "equal protection of the law." Article 15: Prohibits discrimination against citizens on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. Article 15 (4): Authorizes the state to make special provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward clas ses of citizens, in addition to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Article 16: Ensures citizens' right to employment or appointment to any offices under the state, and prohibits discrimination on the basis of religion, race, ...